Skip to content
LEOPOPE
Explainer

Why did the new pope choose the name Leo XIV?

In his address to the cardinals on 10 May 2025, Pope Leo XIV said he chose the name after Leo XIII, whose 1891 encyclical Rerum novarum shaped Catholic social teaching. He cast artificial intelligence and automation as today's comparable challenge to human dignity.

By James Okafor, Senior Writer, Knowledge5 min read

Updated · originally

LeoPope · image placeholder
Illustration placeholder — licensed photography pending

Popes explain their chosen name to the cardinals shortly after election. Leo XIV tied his choice to Pope Leo XIII (1878–1903) and the encyclical Rerum novarum on labour and capital — with artificial intelligence cast as today's equivalent upheaval. He later dated his own first encyclical to that document's 135th anniversary.

The reference to Leo XIII

Leo XIII issued Rerum novarum in 1891 in response to industrialisation, urban poverty and the rights of workers. It is considered the founding document of modern Catholic social teaching.

The connection to artificial intelligence

the developments in the field of artificial intelligence that pose new challenges for the defence of human dignity, justice and labour
Pope Leo XIV, address to the College of Cardinals, 10 May 2025Vatican.va (Holy See)

He returned to the theme repeatedly, and on 25 May 2026 published Magnifica humanitas, his first encyclical, on the 135th anniversary of Rerum novarum. See the Artificial Intelligence topic page.

Key facts

Key facts

Previous Leo
Leo XIII, reigned 1878–1903
Landmark text
Rerum novarum (1891)
Leo XIV's framing
AI and automation as a social turning point
First encyclical
Magnifica humanitas, 25 May 2026
#name#Leo XIII#Rerum novarum#artificial intelligence#social teaching

Frequently asked questions

Where did he explain the name?

In his address to the College of Cardinals on 10 May 2025, two days after his election.

Sources

LeoPope links to primary and official texts wherever they exist. See our sources policy.

More on Pope Leo XIV